GRAMMAR

NOUNS


A noun is the name of a person, place, thing, or idea. Whatever exists, we assume, can be named, and that name is a noun. A proper noun, which names a specific person, place, or thing (Carlos, Queen Marguerite, Middle East, Jerusalem, Malaysia, Presbyterianism, God, Spanish, Buddhism, the Republican Party), is almost always capitalized. A proper noun used as an addressed person's name is called a noun of address. Common nouns name everything else, things that usually are not capitalized.

A group of related words can act as a single noun-like entity within a sentence. A Noun Clause contains a subject and verb and can do anything that a noun can do:

What he does for this town is a blessing.

A Noun Phrase, frequently a noun accompanied by modifiers, is a group of related words acting as a noun: the oil depletion allowance; the abnormal, hideously enlarged nose.

There is a separate section on word combinations that become Compound Nouns — such as daughter-in-law, half-moon, and stick-in-the-mud.



ADJECTIVE

Adjectives are words that describe or modify another person or thing in the sentence. The Articles — a, an, and the — are adjectives



ADVERBS

Adverbs are words that modify

• a verb (He drove slowly. — How did he drive?)

• an adjective (He drove a very fast car. — How fast was his car?)

• another adverb (She moved quite slowly down the aisle. — How slowly did she move?)







CONJUCNTIONS

Some words are satisfied spending an evening at home, alone, eating ice-cream right out of the box, watching Seinfeld re-runs on TV, or reading a good book. Others aren't happy unless they're out on the town, mixing it up with other words; they're joiners and they just can't help themselves. A conjunction is a joiner, a word that connects (conjoins) parts of a sentence



PREPOSITIONS:

A preposition describes a relationship between other words in a sentence. In itself, a word like "in" or "after" is rather meaningless and hard to define in mere words. For instance, when you do try to define a preposition like "in" or "between" or "on," you invariably use your hands to show how something is situated in relationship to something else. Prepositions are nearly always combined with other words in structures called prepositional phrases. Prepositional phrases can be made up of a million different words, but they tend to be built the same: a preposition followed by a determiner and an adjective or two, followed by a pronoun or noun (called the object of the preposition). This whole phrase, in turn, takes on a modifying role, acting as an adjective or an adverb, locating something in time and space, modifying a noun, or telling when or where or under what conditions something happened.



PRONOUN

Generally (but not always) pronouns stand for (pro + noun) or refer to a noun, an individual or individuals or thing or things (the pronoun's antecedent) whose identity is made clear earlier in the text.









PAST TENSE

A verb tense used to express an action or a condition that occurred in or during the past. For example, in While she was sewing, he read aloud, was sewing and read are in the past tense.



PRESENT TENSE

The present tense (abbreviated PRES or PRS) is the tense (that is, the form of the verb) that may be used to express:

• action at the present

• a state of being;

• an occurrence in the (very) near future; or

• an action that occurred in the past and continues up to the present.



SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

Use the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is repeated or usual. The action can be a habit, a hobby, a daily event, a scheduled event or something that often happens. It can also be something a person often forgets or usually does not do.



Definition


Generally (but not always) pronouns stand for (pro + noun) or refer to a noun, an individual or individuals or thing or things (the pronoun's antecedent) whose identity is made clear earlier in the text. For instance, we are bewildered by writers who claim something like

• They say that eating beef is bad for you



Definitions

Verbs carry the idea of being or action in the sentence.

• I am a student.

• The students passed all their courses.



Definition

• Articles, determiners, and quantifiers are those little words that precede and modify nouns:

• the teacher, a college, a bit of honey, that person, those people, whatever purpose, either way, your choice

• Sometimes these words will tell the reader or listener whether we're referring to a specific or general thing (the garage out back; A horse! A horse! My kingdom for a horse!);

DEFINITION


Use a dash [ — ] (or two hyphens [ -- ] on old-fashioned typewriters) or dashes as a super-comma or set of super-commas to set off parenthetical elements, especially when those elements contain internal forms of punctuation:

All four of them—Bob, Jeffrey, Jason, and Brett—did well in college

THE QUESTION

MARK



USE A QUESTION MARK [ ? ] AT THE END OF A DIRECT QUESTION. It is considered bad form to use a question mark in combination with other marks, although that is often done in informal prose in an attempt to convey complex tones: He told you what!? That combination (or similar combination) of punctuation marks is sometimes called an interrobang, but the interrobang currently has no role in academic prose.

 
ADJECTIVES




 Many ,Persistent,Young ,Minor ,Difficult,Sex,Expensive, Malicious,Individuals,Ugly,Involved,done
 Violence,what,Rampant,greater,Large ,this,Irresponsible ,powerful ,Redefined,all,Smooth,level,Fast,certain
 Large,inaccurate, Possibly ,graphic,Linked,that,Overall ,malicious,Evoneous ,danger ,Only,young

ARTICLE


A,An,The


VERB


 Are, Make,Operate,UsinG,Realizing,Have,Ignore,Irresponsible,Sex,Eat,Get, Be


SINGULAR VERB


Organisations,citizens,Rumours,Individuals,Communications


PLURAL VERB


 post,circulate,Publish,Adress


PREPOSITION


By ,For,To,A,The,But,Of,It,Over,If, As,About,At ,From,On,Than,All


PRONOUNS


 It,Who,Their



NOUNS




 Talents,Account,Like,User, Analyzer,Idea, Government,Webpage,Banks,Today,Organization,Dog, Operate,
Bussiness,Using,Environment,Risk,British,Commitment, item, Internet, mail,  Pornougraphy, manager,  Grave,UK, Parents, victims,Subject,overall,Information, increase, Rumour, justification, Net, commission
 Mankind,comes,Sales person,tool,School,equilibrium,parent, amount,children,space


CONJUNCTION


And,However,That,With,How


THE PRESENT PAST TENSE


 have,been.



THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE


Had done,Created


SIMPLE PAST TENSE


 Influenced,Redefined,Done



ADVERBS


Overload,To,As,That,Overall,In,When,Virtually,Never,Before,So,Even,Sex,Publish,Time,How,More
This,Today,Even,Not, but